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[Inclined 1D/2D elements] Part 1: Realised in LiquidFow

wenqing requested to merge wenqing/ogs:inclined_element into master

This MR presents an implementation of the local assembly of arbitrary inclined 1D/2D elements. LiquidFow is used as the first case.

Temporarily, this MR contains the commits of MR !3633 (closed).

  1. Feature description was added to the changelog
  2. Tests covering your feature were added? Yes. The following benchmarks are used to test the implementation:

Flow in an inclined plane Under this topic, there are two benchmarks using the same 2D mesh on an inclined plane. The input files are given in the sub-directory of Inclined2DMesh, which includes one for hydro-steady state flow and another for transient flow under the fixed pressure difference on the top and the bottom boundary and the gravitational force. For the hydro-steady state one, it gives zero velocity. For the transient simulation, the orientation calculated velocity is shown in the following figure, which is parallel to the mesh plane as what expected.

Flow in rock matrix with two intersected fractures The input files are given in the sub-directory of FractureIn3D. This benchmark tests the case of the mesh contains both 3D elements and inclined 2D element. The analysed domain has two intersected fractures. The brick shape domain is discretised into tetraheda, while the two planes are discretised into triangles. The permeability of the continuous domain is k_{xx}=1.0\cdot 10^{-18}, k_{yy}=3.0\cdot 10^{-18}, k_{xx}=3.0\cdot 10^{-18}\, \text{m}^2, and the permeability of fractures are 10^{-14}\, \text{m}^2, \quad \text{and } 10^{-15}\, \text{m}^2, respectively. The flow is driven by the fixed pressure difference on the top and the bottom boundaries and the gravity. The following figure shows the pressure distribution and the flow orientation on the fractures. It can be seen that the flow orientation is exactly parallel to the fracture planes as what expected.

Line elements on a sphere The input files are given in the sub-directory of 1Din3D. This an example is used to test the simulation with a mesh only with inclined line elements. A sphere surface is used to discretised into triangle elements, and then all the edges of the elements are used as line elements of the mesh for this benchmark. That means all lines elements are on a sphere. A fixed pressure difference is applied at the two poles of the sphere. As shown in the following figure, the computed flow orientation is exactly on the tangent of the boundary of the vertical splices of the sphere.

  1. Any new feature or behavior change was documented? Benchmarks are documented.
Edited by wenqing

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