Bump gcc minimum to 10.2.0 and VTK to 9.1.0.

There were just to much hacks involved in the original MR (!4104 (closed)) to get VTK 8 to run on newer gcc.

So now this bumps minimums:

• GCC to 10.2.0
• VTK to 9.1.0
• Supported Ubuntu version to 22.04

Also:

• Some CMake changes were necessary for the new VTK module system.
• Some TH2M benchmark tolerances needed to be slightly relaxed (I guess because of the compiler change).
• Adapted some benchmark runtimes, moving longer running ones to LARGE.
• Disabled Ubuntu CI job (will be reverted once the node is updated to 22.04).

1. Feature description was added to the changelog
2. Tests covering your feature were added?
3. Add VTK 9.1.0 module on EVE. Not needed, we always build locally via cpm.
4. Refactor VTK module deps added in !4021 (merged).
5. Enable RemoveGhostData in cli builds, see !4106 (merged).