gnu: parted: Update to 3.2.

* gnu/packages/disk.scm (parted): Update to 3.2.
[inputs]: Add lvm2 and remove check.  Replace readline-6.2 with its
latest version.
[native-inputs]: Add perl and python for the tests.
[arguments]: Use `modify-phases' and adapt to the new tests.
[home-page]: Use https.